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 »  Home  »  gadgets  »  Wind turbine choices
Wind turbine choices
By Green Living Tips | Published  07/4/2008 | gadgets , energy , building
Horizontal vs. vertical axis wind turbines

My recent article on how wind turbines work spurred me on to research a little more on the subject; and while I had previously discounted wind turbines for my electricity needs,  I've been reconsidering it as an option.

I admire wind technology as an alternative to carbon dioxide spewing means of generating electricity,  but there were a few issues that had me settled on solar power; being:

- Aesthetics. Windmill type wind turbines are somewhat ugly in my opinion (but nowhere near as ugly as a coal fired power station).

- Danger to bird life. I love birds and it seems that birds are known to fly into turbine blades. Although it's infrequent; one bird dead is too many if it's avoidable.

- Noise. I've had my fill of man-made noise living in a city; my new green life I want to be filled with the sounds of nature. Even the wooshing of the blades would probably drive me nuts after a while.

- Maintenance and cost. Wind turbines certainly require more maintenance than solar panels. Anything with moving parts wears out; and wind turbines are based on moving componentry.

- Wind speed required. The area where I'll  be isn't known for high winds.

As I touched on in my first article on turbines; there are two main types - horizontal-axis (HAWTs), which is the traditional windmill type setup, but there are also vertical-axis (VAWT) wind turbines.


Horizontal and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Vertical (left) & horizontal (right) axis wind turbine models for home use
Image courtesy Energy Matters Australia - Wind Turbine Specialists

While horizontal wind turbines have improved efficiency dramatically in recent years, have come down in price, require less wind for operation and are much quieter, it's the vertical turbines that have really grabbed my interest.

Vertical axis turbines until recently were as ugly as their horizontal axis counterparts and not as efficient; but that appears to have changed with newer models hitting the market. According to manufacturers, the benefits of a vertical axis wind turbine such as the design above over horizontal axis designs include:

  • can be used in suburban settings
  • lower profile for use on rooftops more aesthetically pleasing; but I guess this is a matter for personal taste.
  • may not be subject to the number of regulations of their horizontal counterparts
  • lower noise
  • next to no vibration
  • operate effectively with wind coming from any direction
  • shorter towers mean less cost and fewer materials
  • lower maintenance and repair cost as there are fewer moving parts
  • easily visible to wildlife. When spinning or at rest, they appear as a solid object
  • self regulating spin speeds in high wind events
  • produce energy at lower wind speeds

One possible disadvantage is in relation to the fact they don't require a tall tower as wind speeds can be less at ground level. Simple solution - build the tower you were going to need anyway if you were set on using wind power.

I think I'd much prefer seeing the vertical axis wind turbines dotting the landscape. If you're considering implementing a wind turbine soon, this is perhaps an option well worth looking into. Don't forget to check out renewable energy rebates available to you as these incentives can greatly decrease the cost!




Michael Bloch
Green Living Tips.com
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  • Comment #1 (Posted by Student)

    I have been researching wind energy as an alternative energy source versus coal. I do believe the esthethics do depend on the person because my personal opinion is that I would perfer to see a wind turbine then any factory or even nuclear waste plant. I would like to ask whether or not you could find more information on the difference of how much energy does a vertical turbine contribute vs. a horizontal turbine?
     
  • Comment #2 (Posted by Roger Imerman)

    You apparently have only considered light and wind power for 'natural, green' generation, but have conveniently forgotten water, wave and thermal.
    Water power comes from dams, either diversion or pond type, that use the energy from a 'head' of water to turn a turbine and generate electricity. However they are very costly and have a significant short and long term environmental impact.
    Wave technology uses the changing water level induced by waves to turn a turbine and, apparently, have little environmental impact.
    Thermal technology uses the temperature difference in water or the earth at different depths to induce an electrical current and also have no discernible environmental impact.
    One needs to further research the manufacture, installation, maintenance, life-cycle costs and their effects on plants, animals and man. Remember, in the end it has to make financial sense.
     
  • Comment #3 (Posted by Michael - Green Living Tips)

    Roger, thanks for your input. I haven't conveniently forgotten about those other sources you mentioned; it just wasn't the focus of this article - but thank you for flagging some of the other alternatives; there's some exciting developments in those technologies and I look forward to learning more about them :)
     
  • Comment #4 (Posted by James)

    I do not have an active water flow source on my property or I would consider hydro generation. But I am very interested in wind power. My only short fall is that in the summer time my area falls to class 2 winds. This makes almost all wind generators useless since most require 7 mph winds to generate power. Also due to the mountains and trees, a non-towered wind generator has to be rugged enough to handle the turbulance. Vertical turbines seem to be the viable, but we have very little research in the United States on vertical turbines. I am installing a geo-thermal radiant heating and cooling in the floors of my home using the constant temp of the ground reduce to use of other power sources.
     
  • Comment #5 (Posted by Serafina_tikklya)

    I love the idea of vertical wind turbines. I understand there are some made for low wind areas.

    I think they would be wonderful put up on homes in different colors, sort of like "yard art" for the roof.

    Since I live somewhat near our little airport, although not directly in the flyway, vertical turbines would be better for me to generate electricity.
     
  • Comment #6 (Posted by Gerald)

    I think it is great that you looking alternatives to coal or nuclear. The cost of solar panels or cells needs to be look at to make it more affordable. Wind is an option that is not really considered maybe for a few reasons.
    1) The whole tower and turbine can be expensive.
    2) The sun may be more reliable in your area.
    3) People may not understand alternative energies and therefore don't take it seriously.

    I'm also designing my own VAWT and have gone as far as getting 0.63mm enameled wire which should give 1.45 Amps per coil.

    The coil I’m using has 337 turns on it. The Coil Bobbin’s measurements where the wire is wound on is 23mm x 28,5mm x25mm(W). The outer side of the coil bobbin is 38mm x 52mm. The more turns the lower RPM’s I will need. I might even double wing the coils to save space in the generator I will build to house the coils and magnets. Which will be turned by the blades.

    I have also purchased very strong magnets 8x20x50mm. Industrial strength stuff, be very careful. They are very dangerous to work with. They can slam together at high speed and with force and break if they are just put on top of a table close together.

    I have also purchased a Toyota Corolla back wheel hub for the bearing system of the turbine. For the blades I'm going to use PVC pipe which will be cut through it’s diameter half moon shape, I still need to see what diameter pipe I’m going use. The turbine will be place on top of a 6m high pole with a diameter of about 75mm.

    The other side of alternative energies that people forget about or have not considered is methane gas. You can produce your own gas and use it for cooking, heating and running a generator. I will be building my own methane gas generator this coming week and will post an article of how I did it and what results I get. The fuel I’m going to sue to produce the gas is from dog poo which I can get from the SPCA 2km away for free. 200 dogs worth per day.

    My hope is to produce enough gas for cooking and running my 800Watt generator on it. The generator will be used to charge a battery bank of second hand “but still in good condition” truck batteries. This will boost my alternative power supply that I’m currently getting from my 100watts of solar panels. In South Africa where I am we get 5.5 Rated Sun hours per day.

    As I'm very serious about using alternative energies I already have a solar geyser installed on my roof that produces up to 97.C hot water for washing and does not use any electricity at all. This saves me a lot of power which I would have needed to get from the grid or from PV panels.

    Wish me luck.

    Gerald.
     
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